Atopic eczema in children
Patient information factsheet
Overview
- Atopic eczema (also called atopic dermatitis) is a common condition that affects the skin.
- It makes the skin dry, sore and itchy, and can sometimes look red or inflamed.
- Eczema often starts in early childhood (babies and young children).
- Some children grow out of it as they get older, while others may continue to have eczema into adulthood.
- Eczema cannot be cured, but it can usually be controlled well with the right treatment and by using plenty of moisturisers (emollients) regularly.
- Most care is done at home, with support from your GP and Paediatric Primary Care Team.
What causes atopic eczema?
- Eczema develops because the skin does not work as well as it should as a protective barrier.
- This means the skin loses moisture easily and becomes more sensitive to things that can irritate it, such as germs and allergens.
- Children are more likely to develop eczema if they or close family members have eczema, asthma, hayfever or allergies.
- Certain things can trigger or worsen eczema flare-ups, including:
- soaps, bubble baths and detergents
- dry air, heat or sweating
- illness or skin infections
- rough fabrics such as wool
- scratching or rubbing the skin.
What is the treatment for atopic eczema?
- Treatment aims to reduce dryness, relieve itching, calm inflammation and prevent flare ups.
- Most children need a combination of treatments used regularly.
Emollients
- Emollients are he main treatment for eczema and should be used every day, even when the skin looks and feels okay.
- They help to keep the skin moisturised, protect the skin barrier and reduce itching.
- Emollients should be applied generously to the whole body at least 3-4 times daily, and more often if needed.
- Emollient creams or lotions should be used instead of ordinary soap or bubble bath.
Topical Steroids
- Topical steroids are creams or ointments used during eczema flare-ups to reduce redness, inflammation and itching.
- They should be applied to red or inflamed areas only, usually once daily, as advised by your healthcare professional.
- When used as prescribed, topical steroids are safe and effective for children. Your clinician will explain which strength to use and for how long.
When to seek medical advice
Contact your GP or healthcare team if:
- your child’s eczema is not improving with treatment
- the skin becomes very painful, weepy or crusted
- you think the eczema may be infected
- your child’s sleep or daily activities are being affected.
Get more information about Atopic Eczema
NHS- Atopic Eczema
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atopic-eczema/
Allergy UK- House dust mite allergy factsheet
https://www.allergyuk.org/resources/house-dust-mite-allergy-factsheet/
National Eczema Society
Eczema Outreach Support
Contact our service
Tel: 020 3316 1950, Monday to Friday 9am to 5pm
Published:
19 Jun 2026
Review:
19 Jun 2028
Reference:
CYP/Paed/AtEczCh/01